Jefferson Davis Memorial Historic Site (also known as the Jefferson Davis Capture Site) is a 12.668-acre (51,270 m2) state historic site located in Irwin County, Georgia that marks the spot where Confederate States President Jefferson Davis was captured by United States Cavalry on Wednesday, May 10, 1865. The historic site features a granite monument with a bust of Jefferson Davis that is located at the place of capture.[2] The memorial museum, built in 1939 by the Works Progress Administration, features Civil War era weapons, uniforms, artifacts and an exhibit about the president’s 1865 flight from Richmond, Virginia to Irwin County, Georgia.
History
Confederate States President Jefferson Davis fled the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia, on April 2.[3] From April 3 through 10, Danville, Virginia served as the capital of the rapidly collapsing Confederacy.[4] Accompanied by several members of his Cabinet (John H. Reagan, Judah P. Benjamin, and John C. Breckinridge), and his aide Burton Harrison, along with a military escort,[5] the remnants of the Confederate government fled further south, passing through Greensboro and Charlotte in North Carolina and Fort Mill, York, Abbeville, and Washington in South Carolina.[6][7] Davis was informed of the surrender at Appomattox on April 13 and of the assassination of Abraham Lincoln on April 18.[8]
Davis and his remaining members of his party crossed the Savannah River into Georgia on May 3, 1865,[9] headed for the Western and Trans-Mississippi theaters, where Davis hoped to regroup the Confederate military and continue the war.[10][9] Davis arrived in Washington in Wilkes County on the same day,[5] and dissolved the Confederate government there.[11] By May 6, Davis reached Sandersville, and on May 7 he met his wife, Varina, and their children. With Union troops in close pursuit, Davis and his family fled through Wilcox County.[5]
On the evening of May 9, Davis and his party reached Irwinville, in Irwin County, and camped in a pine forest (present-day Jefferson Davis Memorial Historic Site), unaware that Union soldiers were nearby.[5][9] At dawn the next day, they were surrounded by the 1st Wisconsin Cavalry and the 4th Michigan Cavalry.[5] The two Union regiments were unaware of each other’s presence and engaged in a brief firefight (in which two cavalrymen died) before the forces realized that they had been shooting at one another.[9][12] Davis attempted to flee to a nearby creek before being arrested by a Michigan cavalryman.[5] Captured along with Davis and his wife were his private secretary Harrison, Postmaster General John Henninger Reagan, several other aides, and supply weapons and ambulances.[13]
Davis was held in Fort Monroe, Virginia for two years until he was released. Today, the 13-acre Jefferson Davis Memorial Historic Site marks the location where he was captured.[9] The United Daughters of the Confederacy erected a monument on the exact spot where Davis was captured, and the monument still exists today.[14] The historic site was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.[1]
Facilities
- Civil War Museum – film and artifacts
- Thirteen picnic sites
- Group shelter (seats 100)
- Nature trail, 1/3 mile long
- Monument
- Gift shop
- Playground
Content retrieved from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jefferson_Davis_Memorial_Historic_Site.
